Showing posts with label Patheos. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Patheos. Show all posts

RMF Summary: Week of March 5 - 11, 2012

March 5
Today's 2 examples of digestion under way...
Rajiv Malhotra posts:
"Example 1
I wanted to say one thing more about Being Different: I am delighted that Sri Aurobindo is so frequently cited there, and find your work to be firmly in his tradition (in modern India, none is greater). ... I could not quite cognitively defend your (and Bhartrhari's, Abhinava's) thesis that (as Raja Rao put it to me once), "the essence of each thing is its [Sanskrit] name vibrating in the absolute."  On the other hand, as a meditator I perform that premise every day when I chant "Om."
Finally, I want to nominate the Archive for Research in Archetypal Symbolism (ARAS) to the Infinity Foundation for possible support of efforts to expand the representation of Indian images. ...ARAS is a Jungian instituton with roots in the Eranos conferences in the 1930s and after.  See aras.org if this is of interest.
Rajiv comment: Jung's Eranos conferences produced some of the greatest digestors on the past century – including Joseph Campbell, Eliade, Paul Tillich, etc. Now the above scholar who has practiced sadhana in Auroville is wanting funds from Infinity, to support work by his wife that would remap his mining of Sri Aurobindo for 25 years into western univeralism. He also told me with [pride] that his son is going for a phd under a prominent Indian scholar of religion in Florida, and how under her guidance all the dharma he learned will get "harmonized" with western thought. That scholar in Florida is well known for promoting sameness , digestion, Aryan theory, etc.  She is also popular at temples where she goes in sari with heavy jewelry and talks about the greatness of Hinduism. Hates me for calling her duplicity…

Example 2: Read the Patheos.com comment discussion on my book.... Read onereview by Brianne Donaldson...
See the comments after her review. These explain how she as head of dharma studies at a prominent university is in fact on a mining expedition to help further plagiarism. Her role in digestion is to promote whitehead who digested abhidharma Buddhism into his own repackaged versions, and to erase the dharmic sources. Ironically, she then uses Whitehead to criticize BD. Pls read and participate there."

Margaret posts:
"....I understand well how digestion works, thanks for your concrete examples and I am also reading your book  BD. I wonder who is the Florida scholar ....  Although India  is not my native land, I learn so much about how mental, universalism digestive scholarly colonization continues in mining expeditions of indigenous cultures" 


Jayakumar shares his response to Brianne at Patheos:
"... The reviewer Brianne Donaldson is commenting on a narrow portion of a several-hundred page book.

Winning and Dominating are important for the West.  Dharma is too subtle and is not encumbered by such needs.  Openness, friendliness, originality and expertise by dharma practitioners have been exploited in well-honed and subtle ways.  On the other extreme, Universities in India are out of touch of indigenous thought and engaged in mimicry of the West.  Genuine ashrams in India which represent the tenor of age-old discourses, techniques and knowledge embodiments are neither funded by the State nor by corporations nor by universities.  These ashrams and their living practitioners live and die on a daily basis without much ado.  So who is to protect such time-tested critical knowledge-bases?


Malhotra isn't advocating cessation of dialog or collaborations.  he is merely stating motivations and intentions in Western Scholarship and collaborations and demonstrating that with real data. Nothing should stop Claremont Lincoln University from pursuing what they do.  Cross-fertilization is between equals.  Dharma has a long way to go until it gains as stature equal to the West.  Until then, it will only be a good 'subject' to study, dharma will be '˜cool'.

Reviewer Brianne is concerned about some perceived social inadequacies in India [gay taboo, dearth of female Indian voices].  This is based on a flawed logic that social problems in a country are a direct result of its religious or spiritual worldviews.  However, addressing India's social or cultural problems is not Rajiv thesis - just as there is no requirement that every study of America MUST focus on its racism and other problems.  Another implication of this stated concern is that the West either appoints itself as the solver of social problems in other countries, or has the authority to hold accountable speakers from those countries for those problems.  Do US school shootings, drug abuse, or teenage pregnancies invalidate the Principle of Liberty? The West has done a superb job of separating abhorrent practices (like slavery) from Religion or State by stating them as 'topical' problems. Why does the west get to set the agenda of what constitutes 'topics of interest' about India - is this not itself a sign of Western Universalism?


There is no denying that Rajiv Malhotra's Being Different raises questions that can make many uncomfortable.  For example:



Is a Sannyasi same as a Saint?  Is Iswara same as God?  Is itihasa same has history?  Is lack of well-chronicled linear history same as lack of definiteness of discourse or continuity and originality of thought?  Can a History of the 'Other' written by the West be considered as True History?  Does an assertion self-identity by other traditions imply cessation of dialog and cross-pollination?  Can a scholar of Jainism (regardless of nationality) be the same as a Jain?  Does a Professor of Asia Studies have the same authority to speak for Hinduism as a Hindu Sannyasi?  Is an article written by a Christian about Hinduism appearing in high school text books same as a similar article written by a Hindu?  Does a Western scientist studying the mind of Buddhist have the same authority to speak about advanced states of consciousness as the Buddhist 'subject' himself or herself?  Is the Whitehead Research Project in reality another Dharma Mining Project?  What are the criteria that must be satisfied in order for a Dharma Traditions Initiative in a US University to work in favor of those same traditions?  Who should control discourse - the perceiver or the perceived?  Some answers are clear, while others may take some time to develop.

.....
I am surprised that the reviewer saw in Rajiv's book a '˜quest to divide the world into West and East. ...


I found the title of Brianne's review interesting.  Can the West wear any less of its Westernized spectacles than Indians any less their Indianized spectacles?  It would be an ideal world where none of us had spectacles.  The problem is that even the Indian wears Westernized Spectacles making the scales very tilted!  This is where Rajiv's work has its greatest impact.

Perhaps in the Reviewer is an earnest struggle to connect the West with a more holistic dharma world-view.  I've noticed and I do applaud the reviewer Brianne Donaldson for her active non-violent championing of animal rights such sensitivity is expected of Jains and those who claim to represent dharma traditions.  I hope comments on this website will serve to improve her dissertation." 

March 5
Interfaith dialogue and history-centrism
Surya posts:
"Readers of BD have a clear understanding of how history-centrism is an unlikely candidate in an interfaith effort.

BD makes it amply clear that history-centrism disables a religion from showing mutual respect.  Let us be clear, though.  No one is saying that followers of history-centric religions are bound to take up violence or become terrorists.  Large majority can and will show civility and political correctness but the underlying incompatibility engendered by history-centrism cannot be mitigated.

Rajiv Malhotra makes a dire pronouncement in the introduction of BD: "I regard this history-fixation as the major difference between Dharmic and Judeo-Christian paths and as a problem which can breed untold psychological, religious, and social conflicts."

Inter-faith ministers and liberal Christians are criticizing Rajiv Malhotra of unfairly painting all Judeo-Christians as being incapable of showing mutual respect.  They cite as examples some of the inter-faith efforts championed by Christians.  BD does not buy this picture of amity at face value.  BD takes a step further and challenges: If there is genuine mutual respect shown by followers of Judeo-Christian paths, it is possible only on fringes since all mainstream Christian denominations believe in the Nicene creed.  Nicene creed is tied inseparably to history and lays the foundation of exclusivity.

Unfortunately, there are reasons why Nicene creed or the essence of history-centrism in Christian dogma cannot be shed.

For example:  

Bible tells us that Jesus forgave other people's sins.  There are tremendous immoral implications associated with the idea of forgiving other people's sins.

Christian apologist C.S.Lewis took a hard look at vicarious atonement and made rather harsh observations: "You must make your choice. Either this man was, and is, the Son of God or else a madman or something worse. You can shut Him up for a fool, you can spit at Him and kill Him as a demon; or you can fall at His feet and call Him Lord and God."   

C.S. Lewis personally resolved this moral dilemma by choosing that Jesus must be the Son of God.  Clearly, this is a choice and not a logical deduction.  Unfortunately, such a choice made on the account of history automatically negates all other religions.  

The following excerpt from "Mere Christianity" in which C. S. Lewis displays his horror at the notion of taking away the responsibility of someone else's sin (vicarious redemption):..."

March 5 
Book Review of Breaking India
Book Review of Breaking India has appeared in Swami Dayananda Saraswathi's Arsha Vidya Newsletter dated Feb 2012. You can see in the below mentioned link ...

March 5
Church role in Kudankulam protests merits wider probe
Ganesh posts:
"Sri Rajiv Malhotra's and Aravindan Neelakandan's book Breaking India mentioned in this prominent news article related to Church role in Kudankulam

The crackdown on four non-governmental organisations on the charge that they diverted foreign funds intended for social development activities to the anti-nuclear protests in Kudankulam has focussed the spotlight on the activities of church-based NGOs in southern Tamil Nadu.
On Tuesday, the Union Home Secretary announced that the bank accounts of four NGOs had been frozen after it was found that they had been diverting funds received from overseas donors to the anti-nuclear protests. Two of the cases have been registered by the CBI, and the two others by the Crime Branch of the Tamil Nadu police.
The crackdown comes barely days after Prime Minister Manmohan Singh went public with the charge that US non-governmental organisations were behind the agitation, which has stalled work on the nuclear plant in power-starved Tamil Nadu...."

Rajiv Malhotra shares a link:
"4 NGOs behind N-plant stir got Rs 36 crore from abroad"

March 7

Debate on BEING DIFFERENT at Patheos.com ignites - please join
Lower down the page, please read the reviews AND THE COMMENTS IN RESPONSE. Some of the threads are very insightful. These debate show what you are likely to face when you go outside the comfort zone of a group like this, and face western chauvinism that is often well disguised as "liberal Christianity", "New Thought", "Humanism" and the like.

"Confessions of a Western Universalist" by Carl Gregg  is a good place to start. The variety of comments at its end are good responses to this scholar's defense of Christianity and his critique of BD.

Read the patronizing piece by one of the 50 most influential rabbis, titled, "The gift of difference"  and then the comment below.

The Associate Dean of Religious Life at USC gives his "Response to Being Different" and it has some good rejoinders below..."

March 7
Civilizations of the forest and desert
Please read Rajivji's new blog post at Patheos - from Chapter 4: Order and Chaos - Dharmic Forest and Judeo-Christian Desert:
A quick look at world cultures and civilizations reveals how profoundly the geography and the human response to it affected those cultures. ... Since all civilizations have tried to answer such existential questions as who we are, why we are here, what the nature of the Divine and the cosmos are etc., why are some Indian answers so markedly different from the Abrahamic ones? more>
The poster image is also available for sharing on my Facebook:

Rajiv comment: I wish to thank Raj who has worked many iterations privately with me to develop the wonderful images contrasting desert/forest which I am using in my blog. He is proving to be a solid worker with a focus on visuals and presentation of the serious ideas in an accessible manner. Please stare at the image he has done and then re-read the blog, and then read chapter 4.

March 8
Analysis of History-Centrism: blog
shivadeepa posts:
This is a landing page for ongoing research work that attempts to model History-Centric Thought Systems (HCTS), the nature of its membership and how it is likely to interact with thought systems that are not history-centric, as well as its impact on cultural diversity...

Rajiv comment: This is the kind of scholar I have hoped to discover through my writings and inspire. He has immersed himself into the history centrism thesis, then emerged with his own creative manthana based on it. He proposes novel ways
of looking at it. All the blogs listed on the right margin are the product of original hard work and worth reading. My thanks go to him.


March 9
One 'Western Universalist runs away from debate
Carl Gregg started with great confidence that he had blown my thesis apart. But the responses and comments to him were very solid. After he failed to deal with them using facts and reason, he resorted to quoting what Nussbaum wrote about me back in 2006/7 - unrelated to anything to do with BD. Then someone pointed out the rejoinders given to Nussbaum's statements (which she refuses to debate publicly), and how Gregg was being a loser by resorting to such an "amendment".

So finally, Gregg asked the web site to stop accepting any comments for his blog. Just like Vijay Prashad many years ago ran away after debating me on OutlookIndia.com (the posts are still available in the archive), Gregg has chosen to run away.

The archive of back and forth comments on his thread is extremely educational, because many westerners have similar ideas as Gregg that dont stand scrutiny. For example, they tend to say:
  1. Similar mysticism has also existed in Christianity. To which I point out that (1) those rare mystics were persecuted by the church for 2 millennia, and (2) it was recent dharma influence upon the west that led uturners to look for similar resources in western traditions, often with great exaggeration.
  2. That I am ill informed about the bible, to which I ask for specifics and then give my rejoinders. (The assumption is that most of us will either get scared and run away or turn abusive, both of which are unfortunately common responses from Hindus.)
  3. That Christianity has evolved, ironically by virtue of those theologians who have digested dharma into Christianity - Wilber, Berry, Swimme, Teilhard, Ryan, Panikkar, Bede, Keating, Teasdale....) Being a Christian Centering Prayer follower, he was unable to respond to my explanation of the history of how this got appropriated from Maharishi's TM via Bede to Teasdale to Keating. (My smoking gun is an audio recording of a talk at Maharishi Univ given by Keating himself thanking them for teaching his monks how to meditate. Likewise his citing Wilber's Integral Christianity was a great opening for a response...."

Kaajal comments:
"I'm amazed though not surprised at the sheer hubris of Carl Gregg. Just another reminder of what we are up against- the complete unwillingness of Western scholars to attribute to Hindusim and other Dharma traditions, what they have surreptitiously taken (digested) from India without any grace whatsoever to give credit where it is due. The arguments posted below Gregg's review were solid and well reasoned, and when he realized that he couldn't stand up to this knowledgeable lot, he did what bullies usually do - pulled in the other bullies,
pulled rank by announcing their titles and finally closed down the very forum where such an animated discussion was taking place!...."


March 9
Re blog "Confessions of a Western Universalist"
Sumant shares: Dear Sir/Madam, I write in to you regarding the unfair and unilateral closure of the Comments section in Carl Gregg's blog *"Confessions of a Western ...

March 10

Review of 'Being Different' authored by Shashi Tiwari
Shashi posts: "Please find attached the review ofBeing Different, authored by me which is  now published in  " Sanskrit Vimarsh" , Journal of Rashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan, ,Deemed University, Under Ministry of Human Resource Development, New Delhi; Vol 6, year 2012 ( A special edition brought out for the 15th World Sanskrit Conference, Jan 2012, New Delhi). Reference of publication should be mentioned if referred."

March 10
Western Gurus of Non-dualism........
Mrithak posts: " ... Perhaps you are already aware of these western gurus of non-dualism as they
should perfectly fit your U-turn theory.

http://www.adyashanti.org/
http://www.adyashanti.org/index.php?file=mukti_bio
http://www.thechocolatebuddha.org/event/greg-marian-seattle-satsang/
.....

These people come about once a year in the town where I reside...."

Rajiv responds:
"Yes I have a whole laundry list of such persons and it keeps
growing faster than I can keep up.

The move to accuse Indian gurus went hand in hand with installing new white gurus. Some examples:
1) Yogi Amrit Desai was suddenly replaced by his all-white closest followers whom he had trusted with legal control of everything. So Kripalu Center now run by these white gurus is a new age spa. In fact, even Amrit Desai's own tapes,
books are copyright owned by Kripalu and not him.
2) Likewise after Osho died it was found that 20 Western disciples had control over the Bahamas trust that owned all the property worldwide. This includes billions of dollars worth of real estate, all intellectual property and his brand name. I will show how large this scam has been.

... I saw a line of Indian women in the 1990s in queue to touch the feet of Eckhart Tolle. At that time he was a non entity claiming the same experience as Ramana Maharishi. He used to read the Indian gurus and then started to become one." 

subra posts:
Science and Nonduality (SAND) 2012 conferences in California and Netherlands

List of sponsors includes California Inst. Of Integral Studies (of Angana Chatterji fame, apart from being a U-turner), Inst of Noetic Sciences, ... that are in listed in Rajiv ji's talk at Lady Sri Ram College [below]
(Subra: ok, this is an amazing and important 2+ hour video to watch and learn: U-turns and western appropriation and digestion of Dharmic knowledge system)


Rajiv comment:
That conference and dozens like it every year are filled with
speakers who are eminent digestors. I have little chance of getting in as speaker, because my talk would offer evidence they dont want to hear, except in such diluted form as to serve their purpose to show such critiques as false.

March 10
Swami Vivekananda on history centrism
Rajiv Malhotra shares:
"The sublimity of the law propounded by Ramayana or Bharata does not depend upon the truth of any personality like Rama or Krishna, and one can even hold that such personages never lived, and at the same time take those writings as high authorities in respect of the grand ideas which they place before mankind. Our philosophy does not depend upon any personality for its truth. Thus Krishna did not teach anything new or original to the world, nor does Ramayana profess anything which is not contained in the Scriptures. It is to be noted that Christianity cannot stand without Christ, Mohammedanism without Mohammed, and Buddhism without Buddha [This is not true of Buddhism - Rajiv], but Hinduism stands independent of any man, and for the purpose of estimating the philosophical truth contained in any Purana, we need not consider the question whether the personages treated of therein were really material men or were fictitious characters. .....Is it necessary that a demon with ten heads (Dashamukha) should have actually lived as stated in the Ramayana? It is the representation of some truth which deserves to be studied, apart from the question whether Dashamukha was a real or fictitious character. You can now depict Krishna in a still more attractive manner, and the description depends upon the sublimity of your ideal, but there stands the grand philosophy contained in the Puranas."
(Collected Works, vol. 5,204-208)"
 

Desh responds:
"As much as I hold Swami Vivekananda high in my esteem - I would disagree that Krishna didn't offer anything new.  As I see it, Krishna can be credited with some pathbreaking work in Spirituality:
  1. Chhandogopnishad is one of the first two of the Upanishads.  It talks of Krishna (Devaki-nandan Krishna) in the past.  It is also clear that Upanishads were a clear break in philosophical underpinning and even discourse from the Vedas (Rig, Sam and Yajur - since he talks of only these 3). ....
  2. ...
  3. ...
  4. Lastly, apart from Shiva, I am not aware of many Masters who have LIVED all the Yogas as Krishna did.  Shiva and Krishna demo'ed the entire gamut of Yogic science like hardly anyone else has before or after.  In that, they are unique.
However, Swami Vivekananda does put it right elsewhere where he says - Gita is not great because Krishna spoke it, rather Krishna is great because he gave Gita.  Very well put."

Rajiv comment: The above misses Swami Vivekananda's point. SV does not say that Krishna gave no new interpretation or teaching. New discovery or new teaching of prior reality does not make it history centric. BD explains that Newton or Einstein did not create new reality, merely discovered what was already there. The claim made for Jesus is different - his virgin birth and crucifixion create a possibility for salvation which was preciously non-existent. Krishna does not cause moksha to become possible; it was always there - thats why its called sanatana dharma. Swami Vivekananda understands history centrism. The above comment appears not to do so."

 
March 11 
An experiment with Western Daoists in context of BD
Dvai shares: 
"As a student of Daoism (and Taiji Chuan and Nei Gong), I participate in an on-line Daoist forum titled "The Tao Bums"). This forum has an eclectic mix of predominantly western Daoists, Buddhists, students of Tantra and Vedanta. 

The recurring common denominator is typically that of a mid-to-late 20s or early thirties Westerner who has "given up" his/her judeo-christian upbringing and latched on to Daoist practices or Buddhism or Tantra or Vedanta or Yoga (often a mixture of many). The common theme is in "Universal" spirituality and a rampant attempt at making everything "same"...eliminating the differences, under the pretext of "taking the best of all worlds and discarding the worst".

I posted a synopsis of BD with a call for seekers to read and reflect on the contents and ideas presented in the book and suggested that while the exercise might be painful for many, it would, at the end make each seeker see his/her chosen system in clearer light and help identify various "psychoses" they have inherited/internalized and unknowingly apply to the system thereof.

It has been an interesting exercise and BD has helped me aritculate what I have been struggling to express (even completely understand) for the past 10 odd years.

The reactions were as I had expected (vehement opposition to the idea of BD without the readers even having read the book). A couple of individuals were highly receptive and here are some excerpts from their posts..."

March 11
Posted comment on Brianne Davidson's Review
Surya shares: Brianne Donaldson wrote: "In concrete ways, many of these thinkers are purva paksha incarnate, living between nationalities, philosophical traditions, and...
 

RMF Summary: Week of January 30 - February 5, 2012

January 30
Impact of BD
JCP shares: I happened to call on Swami Shantatmanand at the New Delhi (ND) RK Mission during my short visit to ND & he was kind enough to give me time on the 26th, in spite of a few hours notice. He asked me "What does Rajiv Malhotra want us to do?" when I posed your idea of interfaith dialogue to him, that Indian Dharm gurus are ill-prepared about their knowledge of the opponents. In fact, he said that in his interfaith dialogue-experience in India, the others are on the defensive, which appears to be the result of your work on, specially BD now...

[i provide alternative links below for this well-known incident]
January 30
Example of Western Universalism: Eating with hands an offense!
Rajiv shares: An Indian couple has their child taken away by authorities in Norway, on the grounds that they eat with their hands and the boy sleeps with the parents. Both these are common characteristics of "embodied" cultures, but considered uncivilized according to Western Univeralism. In BD I explain the "disembodiment" of western culture, i.e. a form of self alienation they suffer even with the body. It expresses in various unconscious ways including way of eating, not comfortable breast feeding, heightened sense of "privacy" needs, and so forth. Such persons are psychologically disembodied, I argue. Such a culture is synthetic, not integral. The example above is illustrative of Western Universalism being not universal but particular to their region and history
Kaajal shares:
"...The Norway example does sound extreme...actually in my view in America at least, eating with hands is becoming quite popular. This is not to deny that the tendency toward universalizing its norms doesn't exist in the West, but shifts
in certain areas are afoot:

here's an interesting article from the New York Times:

Mind Your Manners: Eat With Your HandsAmy Dickerson for The New York Times
...
JULIE SAHNI vividly remembers the first time she had to eat with utensils. Ms. Sahni, a New York-based cookbook author and cooking teacher, grew up in India eating the traditional way, with her right hand. Then, in college, she won a
dance competition that would take her to Europe. How, she wondered, would she eat?
Recipe

The answer was a three-day immersion course in Western dining etiquette, which progressed from soup (don't let the spoon clatter on the bowl) to green beans (spear them without sending them into your neighbor's lap) and finally a
slippery hard-boiled egg. Ms. Sahni, 66, mastered the knife and fork, but she has never really liked them.

"Eating with the hands evokes great emotion," she said. "It kindles something very warm and gentle and caressing. Using a fork is unthinkable in traditional Indian eating. It is almost like a weapon."

Eating with the hands is common in many areas of the world, including parts of Asia and much of Africa and the Middle East. But until recently, you would have been hard-pressed to find many restaurants in the United States — especially
those with $20 or $30 entrees — where digging in manually was encouraged. Now, several high-profile chefs are asking diners to get their hands dirty, in the belief that it heightens the sensual connection to food and softens the formality of fine dining...."

Surya adds:
"You are supposed to wash your hands and feet before sitting down for a meal. You are also expected to shower or bathe before a meal. That is tradition.  Sure, there are people who do not maintain hygiene. So? Would you suggest driving is bad because many folks still drink and drive (and worse, kill
innocent people) ?

Buffet style lunch does not suit eating with hands. Traditional approach is a sit down meal with food brought to you and served. You are not supposed to walk around when having a meal. It is sad what they are doing in Indian weddings
these days.

There are many Indian dishes that are best eaten with hands. It is awkward doing so with a fork or spoon. Besides, when you are enjoying food with all your other senses, why deprive the sensual feel of touch?.."

January 30
Contextualizing Freedom of Speech and Expression
Kundan shares: Rushdie’s participation or non-participation thereafter at the Jaipur Literary Festival has caused a lot of media frenzy and much welcomed debate. It has brought to sharper focus the absoluteness of freedom of speech. Though most people interviewed on news channels like CNN-IBN or NDTV have upheld the absoluteness of the freedom of speech, there have been a few voices like those of writer-diplomat Mr. Pavan Varma and actor Rahul Bose who have questioned the notion of the absolute nature of this freedom. Mr. Varma argued against it saying that no freedom in any country, even in western countries, is unrestrained and therefore, it should not be so even in India. Though I am essentially in support of his contention, I wish he had shed some light on historical and social context of freedom of speech, which is now considered a corner stone of democracy.

The freedom of speech has attained a godly status in western countries mainly due to the tyrannical conditions that were unleashed by the Church in medieval times in Europe. Given the totalizing control that it held in matters of inquiry and artistic and literary expressions, it was through the sacrifice and struggle of many during renaissance that Europe could win the freedom to inquiry and creative expression. Given this history, it is understandable why “freedom of speech” has such a divinely ordained status in western countries.

Now India has not had any such history. Through the Varna-system, it was seen that totalizing power never got concentrated in the hands of a section of people in India..."

Cynthia responds:
"While being in broad agreement with the points made by Kundan Singh, I just wanted to point out that there have been instances in India's past where thinkers of two camps did come into violent disagreement, such as the incident of the opposition to the Jains in Tamil country where several hundred munis were killed; the opposition to the work and teaching of Basaveshwara; the opposition faced by Ramanujacharya and Madhwacharya from contemporary religious leaders; the opposition to Meerabai's devotion to Krishna, the famous incident where the shepherd Kanaka was not allowed into the SriKrishna temple in Udupi, whereupon the idol was said to have turned to face the rear, where Kanaka was singing out his devotion; and in more recent times early and mid-20th century) the severe conflagrations between the Iyers and Iyengars on the namam ( vertical and u-shaped for the Vaishnavait Iyengars, and horizontal in the case of the Shaivite Iyers) issue. "

Radhakrishnan's response to Cynthia: 
Cynthia's account that many Jain Munis were killed in Tamil Nadu is not correct. On the other hand saivite saints like Tirunavukkarasar was thrown into the ocean tied to a stone because he propagated Siva worship.  Further Ramanujacharya or Madhwacharya did not face any obstruction. There was also no dispute between Iyers and Iyengars on the sporting of 'namam" (the religious mark of vaishnavites on the forehead).  It was a dispute between two sects among the vaishnavites 'viz" the  "vadagalai" and "thengalai" in Kancheepuram.  All these things have gone into oblivion by the learned discourses of scholars belonging to both the sects lie Sri Velukkudi Krishnanswami, Venkatakrishnaswami, Sri Andavan Swami etc.

Nilesh shares: As for Meera Bai's case, please leave it as a domestic disagreements between a married couple. It is not a case of violent clash between two groups of people. As one or two sparrows do not make spring, a few example of questionable research over a history of thousands of  years do not make for intolerant psyche. It was a clear blue sky last thursday in an otherwise overcast sky of Vancouver last week. I was with my six year old grandson. As it was a major shift in climate after a week full of snow and rain, I exclaimed to him, Oh, great, the sky is clear today. He pointed out to a small stray white cloud on horizon and mischievously proved me wrong. Was I? Mature people see things in perspective. Just consider the number of heretics burned, killed, injured or stripped of their belongings in Europe and European colonies when considering so called intolerance in India...

Senthil adds: Excellent perspective by kundan singh..  I had this question earlier, but after Rajeev's BD, gave the perfect answer..  The absense of History Centrism, and the absense of Messenger, as explained in BD are the important reasons (apart from varna system explained by kundan singh) why we had freedom of expressed inherent in our civilization. another similar example we can quote is the Indian Intellegentsia's obsession with Pluralism and Multi-Culturalism..  We have it inherent, but they start lecturing (in opinion column) on the need to preserve it, as though we never had it.
     
January 30 
In Toronto: Inculturation clash within the Church
Gopala shares a link:

Rajiv comment: A very interesting article worth reading to understand the broader dynamics of inculturation. This internal fight has always been there within the Church, between those who see inculturation as blasphemous, and those who advocate it as a practical way to digest Hinduism into the history centrism of Christianity.

Readers of BD should note why this immense display of pro-Hindu symbolism and performance in the new liturgy DOES end up in dharma getting digested into Christianity BECAUSE THE DIFFERENCES THAT WOULD UNDERMINE THE CHURCH ARE NOT INCLUDED.

January 30
BEING DIFFERENT to be featured by prominent Religion Book Club
Patheos is one of the top 2 or 3 sites specializing in religion....


February 1
BD review in New Global Indian magazine
Arun: Page 102 of this large pdf document has the review.

February 2
(5-day) Workshop on decolonised History of Philosophy & Science curr
The relevance to Rajiv's ongoing (and earlier) efforts (promoting rehabilitation of history of Indian sciences) and vice-versa should be obvious. Sunthar ...

February 3
Being Different - Book Review in Arsha Vidya Newsletter
Avinash shares: Book Review of Being Different has appeared in Arsha Vidya Newsletter January 2012 issue Arsha Vidya Newsletter is the Official Newsletter of Swami Dayananda ...

February 4
Prof. Rita Sherma's review of BEING DIFFERENT
.. Being Different makes it astoundingly clear that the `global' civilization today is actually nothing of the kind. It is not an integrative fusion of beneficial ideas and perspectives from every civilization across the globe. It is, instead, a swallowing up of all human endeavor and culture for the nourishment of a madly materialistic, ultimately unsustainable, wildly destructive credo of monolithic cultural, political and religious imperialism. Rajiv Malhotra maintains that this is nowhere more clearly manifest than in the case of the centuries-long Western appropriation, re-mapping, and eradication of the sources of the native traditions, sciences, and spiritual practices of India.
Being Different boldly deconstructs the ubiquitously lauded tenet of `religious tolerance,' so widely celebrated by diverse groups, and reminds us that none of us would want to be merely tolerated in any other situation and that mutual respect is what we should be aiming at. But it is made clear that this is a very difficult proposition because mutual respect in the realm of religion entails the affirmation of other faiths and their modes of worship as equally valid spiritual paths. This would mean the complete overturning, at the deepest level, of foundational dogmas of strict exclusivism that underlie historically orthodox Western theologies (an occurrence that liberal theologians would applaud).."

Margaret adds:
"That is a superb review. I appreciate the recognition of the existensially struggly traditions which I also include   my own "Haitian Vodou" that has been totally misrepresented and oppressed under the cloak of colonialism, slavery, and Western imperialism. Most likely within this group itself, the word Vodou evokes the western feelings. However, I am even more passionate about my traditional culture as Raj is is of what is going on with Indian culture.
My book "Healing in the Homeland - Haitian Vodou tradition " is upcoming and I hope to receive the understanding and support of Raj Group .."
February 4 (continuing discussion from few weeks prior)
Itihasa versus history-centrism
Surya adds: In chapter 2 of BD, Itihasa's important role as a stepping stone is one' spiritual journey is emphasized.

BD says:
Begin Quote:

"Truth and not mere history is the concern of itihasa. ... Truth is not dependent on history; rather, history is a manifestation of the truth. The Dharmic relationship between history and myth is thus not at all comparable to the Western relation between truth and fiction."

"... Hindus recognize that history can be valuable to beginners on their spiritual journey ...dharma practitioner who studies itihasa explicitly aspires to bring about a change within, emphasizing the virtues illustrated in the narratives and not the historical facts."
End Quote:

Take away point is this: Hindus are invariably exposed to great deal of itihasa during their life.  Whether it is the story of Rama, Krishna, Satya Harischandra, or Prahlada, no Hindu suffers irrecoverably from questions of what time these stories have happened in history or whether there are incredulous parts to these stories in relation to our experiences in life, or whether archaeological evidence can establish historicity of these itihasa.  At the same time, as Hindus glean the essence of the itihasa, viewing itihasa as history allows for sraddha in their spiritual pursuit. They do not suffer from a debilitating need to establish the historicity of itihasa.

This is hard to understand for followers of Abrahamic religions where history-centrism is the core essential.  Why? Because they have specially chosen prophets who have special access to God's message that other mortal humans cannot. God's message to humanity passed through prophets is tied inseparably to the historical truth of these prophets claiming special access.  

Establishing credibility for prophets is of supreme importance.  History is the sole means of establishing this credibility.

In Dharmic religions, no individual prophet has such exclusive access. What Buddha achieved, anyone can aspire to achieve. What Adi Shankaracharya achieved, anyone can aspire to achieve. .."

Arjunshakti adds:
In reference to biblical history i would recommend everyone to see this series 'Bible's Buried Secrets' by the BBC that caused a bit of a storm last year when latest archaeological and scientific  evidence told a very different story to the narrative appoved by the church..

Bible's Buried Secrets (BBC) Ep.1
hosted by biblical scholar Dr. Francesca Stavrakopoulou





Nalini adds:
"it is with interest that i listened to you in the Department of Psychology (Univ. of Delhi) and began to assimilate your writing....
As a researcher in the late seventies and early eighties, I had the good fortune to observe closely some events in a country that underwent a cataclysmic revolution ... I lived among the people exposed to the barbarity of war and the barbarity of faith as was being thrust upon them - the Khurds of Iran and Iraq. It was then that from a vantage point of a liberal and thinking Human (that i do not describe as either Hindu or Christian, but as just Human), the need to study and delve into the teachings of the four major faiths  began to disturb me. I managed to read a large part of the Koran and the Sharia and the Hadith, the narratives of betrayal of Hussein. The teachings of Christ and the Book of genesis. The beliefs of the jews and the teachings of GuruNanak... It began to dawn upon me that religion in any garb Hindu, Muslim, Christian or Sikh and organized form of prescribed faith based on revelation and mediated by priests and prophets did not promote the higher levels of principled Moral reasoning based on Universal principles of human justice and equality. The Study was an empirical one based on analysing and reasoning with Cognitive dilemmas presented in a narrative format and adapted for use in Indian Contexts. Religiosity too was defined and measured. It was found that doctrinal teachings of the revealed faiths did promote the development of Obedience to Authority stage of moral reasoning, but it impeded the development of the higher cognitive schemas based on the Categorical Imperative and universal principles of Justice. Thus in 1984 I came to the conclusion that faiths that did not rely on a prescribed book or Dogmas were better in allowing their followers to develop their own understanding of what is right and Just. i would still not say that Hindus are a uniform faith, as many/ majority of the hindus follow the meaning less prescriptions of rituals and varying dogmas of the Brahmanical faith. Few are aware of the Higher truths that are so complex that they can be communicated only through a series of Dilemmas that confronted the characters of the Epics, Ramayana and Mahabharata. .... "
 
Vish adds:
"..With all due respect I am attempting to breathe some life into these type of sentence constructs, which follow the same "Rejection" syndrome because "I don't know much about it".
This is one form of India breaking, too.

There is one aspect of India that Hindus must 'extraordinarily' understand; given all the ravages of barbarism that a vastly refined civilization went through, they have still managed to retain through thousands of years, a mind-boggling symbolism.

Yes, Brahmins can be accused of many things including Dogma, but at the end of the day, the Vedas (one of the true wonders of our world) was saved because of their practicing 'Ganapataas'...complex weaving of patterns as carriers for  code. Once you reflect on this, you are left baffled at the ingenious methods of our forefathers, due to whose survival you and I are alive to talk about it.

No, Ladies and Gentleman, coding was not just found out in the modern world wars.... for destruction!
Our forefathers found it to pass on messages in peace on "that which supports" humanity!

Iam appealing for a study of how a Temple is constructed, what is the meaning of the offering of a "Poorna Kumbha", what does it mean to see a "Shilpa" of Vishnu on a Garuda, why is a bird named "Garuda"?; is there any truth of an Einstein proportion in the Hindi word 'Makar' for a crocodile? How did the sculptor in Halebeedu (Karnataka) construct six hundred heads of the most alluring hairstyles that even "Allure" and "Vogue" do not know about?..."

Shaas responds:
"....I don't think it is justified to name Hinduism on the same line with other religions and "organized forms" of faith. I wonder from where you have gained the impression that Hindus have an "organized form of prescribed faith". I would
say that this is exactly the point that makes Hinduism so much different from other religions.

Rajiv comment: There are organized forms of Hinduism as well. That is why I prefer the term dharma, which is what you describe below quite correctly.

Shaas continues: Firstly, Hinduism is based on the Vedas which significantly means "knowledge" and in its foundation of the Vedas there are also very practical disciplines that make the direct realization of Vedic themes possible. Such a structure is entirely foreign to the other religions mentioned and apparently studied by you...."

Rajiv comment: Even history centrism is a form of knowledge, i.e. knowledge of unique historical events. In case of dharma the knowledge is what BD explains as embodied knowing. Hence calling it knowledge is insufficient, as that implies
that other traditions lack knowledge. The point to make (as in chapter 2) is that history centrism is not valid pramana and certainly cannot trump adhyatma vidya..."



This post marks the end of the summary for the first year of the forum that was started in February 2011!